•     ZPM  Zeta Potential Mixer  the next generation of static mixers    ZPM  pdf leaflet  | Resonator
  
  

  Zeta Potential Mixer is manufactured by Dryden Aqua from 100%, 316 grade stainless steel. The ZPM cavitates the water, helps kill cryptosporidia oocysts  and disinfect the water. Our ZPM also amplifies coagulation and flocculation reactions and can greatly improve the performance of AFM active filter media or sand filters. A ZPM unit should always be used prior to filters and as an injection point for flocculants such as  APF active poly floc.

Cavitation

The cavitation reactions in the ZPM especially when used with our resonator (optional add on extra) will cause mechanical coagulation and flocculation, even when chemicals such as aluminium flocculants are not used. However best results are achieved when a high performance coagulant / flocculent such as APF is injected into the ZPM. Our ZPM module also causes a controlled cavitation of the water that and shatter large organisms such as protozoa including giardia and cryptosporidia. The cavitation reactions can also provide a log2 reduction in bacterial levels.

Coagulation.   dissolved chemicals such as organic matter can not be removed by physical filtration, even ultra filtration or MBR systems will not physically remove dissolved organics. Injection of APF into the water via a ZPM unit will make dissolved chemicals coagulate to form small particles. APF and NoPhos will also remove arsenic and phosphate from the water.

Flocculation.   small particles in suspension including coagulated particles, will  join together to make larger particles that can be removed by AFM active filter media.  The process is known as flocculation and it generally uses +ve charged flocculent such as APF, PAC, amides or acrylics.   AFM has a surface -ve charge  so  the AFM filter bed will physically remove solids as well as adsorb solids on to its surface.  The Dryden Aqua products APF active polyfloc and ZPM zeta potential mixer therefore work best when combined with AFM active filter media in either a rapid gravity or pressure sand filter.

ZPM units with APF or NoPhos coagulation and flocculation with AFM

   1. reduces or eliminates dissolved organics
   2. arsenic and phosphate control
   3. bacteria are physically removed prevents ectotoxins and endotoxins

   4. cryptosporidium oocysts are physically removed

   5. Can reduce chlorine oxidation demand of water by up to 99%

   6. Nominal filtration of the water down to micron and sub-micron level

 

 ZPM units are all fitted with a 2 x ½” female threaded connections to facilitate injection.  The ZPM unit is also fitted with a 50mm female threaded socked to accept the Dryden Aqua resonator  to make a ZPMr unit for installation after the filters.  All ZPM units except the DN 50 is fitted with a 2" fem connection for the resonator.

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Most particles in water including bacteria and dissolved organics have a negative charge.  On passage through the Dryden Aqua ZPM some of the electrons giving the negative charge will be rubbed off and sent to ground via the earth. When some of the particles and organics change from negative to a positive electrical charge, the opposite charges attract to promote coagulation of dissolved organics and flocculation of the coagulated particles. By way of example, milk is a colloidal suspension of oil, simply by shaking milk you change the electrical charge density on the oil drops, the oil then coagulates to form butter, leaving behind a clear liquid. No chemicals have been added to the milk yet most of the oil has been removed. The standard Dryden Aqua ZPM unit will perform this task,  but we have now taken the technology a major step forward with the ZPMr unit.

The ZPM unit spins the water and causes cavitation, the resonator shakes the water molecules and causes a more intensive cavitation reactions.  Dryden Aqua can now disinfect and clarify water either without the use of oxidising agents or at least greatly reduced concentrations. ZPMr  is used as the injection point for chlorine or Dryden Aqua ACO active catalytic oxidation. 

The ZPMr makes the water treatment process and chemicals more effective.  However even without chemicals the ZPMr changes the hydrogen bonding of the water and makes it much more difficult for bacteria and algae to survive in the water.